Logic is the study and analysis of the nature of the
valid argument, the reasoning tool by which valid inferences can be drawn from
a given set of facts and premises. It is the basis on which all the sciences
are built. Logic was extensively studied and developed in ancient Greece. But
the mathematical theory of logic, called symbolic logic, only came into its own
in the 19th century. This algebraic way of studying arguments was developed by
the English mathematician George Boole (1815-1864).
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